{
  "annotation_id": "56df190f-631e-4287-ade2-fd872ace99c3",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:14.859000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:14.859000Z",
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  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Charge independence and charge symmetry are approximate symmetries of nature,\nviolated by the perturbing effects of the mass difference between up and down\nquarks and by electromagnetic interactions. The observations of the symmetry\nbreaking effects in nuclear and particle physics and the implications of those\neffects are reviewed.",
    "arxiv_id": "nucl-th/9409013",
    "authors": [
      "Gerald A. Miller",
      "Willem T. H. van Oers"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "nucl-th"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1142/9789812831446_0005",
    "title": "Charge Independence and Charge Symmetry",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/9409013"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "148d55ec-727e-46a8-888f-4193f3993075",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}