{
  "annotation_id": "53129c75-000e-4bff-aaea-cc723634d2b7",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:03.672000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:03.672000Z",
  "file_hash": "b24a543ed031bd2fb2db231f6d32cc1b19f2c293cf3b1525ac254d6add621068",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Hubble plots of the distance of stellar objects vs. recession velocity\nnormally assume the red shift is wholly Doppler and ignore any gravitational\ncontribution. This is unwarranted: gravity and Doppler velocity red shifts are\nfound to be separable and contribute about equally. A recent data set, to\nZ=1.2, by Riess (1), was analyzed. Upon plotting distance vs. Doppler velocity,\nthe slope of the Hubble plot increases. The Hubble plot is also curved,\nupwards, and this can be understood in terms of the relativistic metric changes\nof the space through which the light travels. On fitting the data to a simple\nmodel of a big bang of constant density, this finds the total mass of the big\nbang is M=21.1x10^52 kg. When present actual distance is plotted vs. Doppler\nvelocity, the plot is linear and agrees with Hubble\u0027s concept, without\nacceleration. Time since the big bang is longer than the 14 billion years that\nhad been thought, 23.5 billion years. The Hubble constant hence shrinks from\nHo=71 to Ho=41.6. This is an independent affirmation of a recent CMB finding of\na low Ho=35.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0601013",
    "authors": [
      "R. L. Collins"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.gen-ph"
    ],
    "title": "The shrinking Hubble constant",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0601013"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "9d6801a6-b628-4eaa-8d31-be0061a1093e",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}