{
  "annotation_id": "52a08438-797b-4979-bdef-3406beb520c3",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:48.242000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:48.242000Z",
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  "record": {
    "abstract": "A conception of virtual quantum information bit - virtual qubit - is\nintroduced. It is shown by means of virtual qubit representation that four\nstates of a single quantum particle is enough for implementation of full set of\nthe gates, which is necessary for creation an arbitrary algorithm for a quantum\ncomputer. The physical nature and mutual disposition of four working states is\nof no significance, if there are suitable selection rules for the particle\ninteraction with the external electromagnetic field pulses.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/9912123",
    "authors": [
      "Alexander R. Kessel",
      "Vladimir L. Ermakov"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1117/12.375307",
    "journal_ref": "Proc. of SPIE Vol. 4061, pp.68-78 (2000)",
    "title": "Multilevel Quantum Particle as a Few Virtual Qubits Materialization",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9912123"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "8e005269-9313-4ca1-b7c0-5fbf27a1f7b4",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}