{
  "annotation_id": "46dcabda-1b02-40a9-882c-8de94e33c11e",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:13.469000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:13.469000Z",
  "file_hash": "b03b8ca473e877294bcdbfb484893270d3110a5965cc10bec249175306f5ebff",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Analytic solutions are developed for two-state systems (e.g. qubits) strongly\nperturbed by a series of rapidly changing pulses, called `kicks\u0027. The evolution\nmatrix may be expressed as a time ordered product of evolution matrices for\nsingle kicks. Single, double, and triple kicks are explicitly considered, and\nthe onset of observability of time ordering is examined. The effects of\ndifferent order of kicks on the dynamics of the system are studied and compared\nwith effects of time ordering in general. To determine the range of validity of\nthis approach, the effect of using pulses of finite widths for 2s-2p\ntransitions in atomic hydrogen is examined numerically.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0503086",
    "authors": [
      "Kh. Kh. Shakov",
      "J. H. McGuire",
      "L. Kaplan",
      "D. Uskov",
      "A. Chalastaras"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1088/0953-4075/39/6/009",
    "journal_ref": "J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 39 (2006) 1361-1378",
    "title": "Sudden switching in qubits",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0503086"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "6f02067f-404f-490a-9690-8aec1c101370",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}