dorsal/arxiv
View SchemaThe use of GPS-arrays in detecting shock-acoustic waves generated during rocket launchings
| Authors | E. L. Afraimovich, E. A. Kosogorov, N. P. Perevalova, A. V. Plotnikov |
|---|---|
| Categories | |
| ArXiv ID | physics/0007043 |
| URL | https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0007043 |
| DOI | 10.1016/S1364-6826(01)00071-2 |
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the form and dynamics of shock-acoustic waves (SAW) generated during rocket launchings. We have developed a method for determining SAW parameters (including angular characteristics of the wave vector, and the SAW phase velocity, as well as the direction towards the source) using GPS-arrays whose elements can be chosen out of a large set of GPS-stations of the global GPS network. The application of the method is illustrated by a case study of ionospheric effects from launchings of launch vehicles (LV) Proton and Space Shuttle from space-launch complexes Baikonur and Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in 1998 and 1999 (a total of five launchings). The study revealed that, in spite of a difference of LV characteristics, the ionospheric response for all launchings had the character of an N - wave corresponding to the form of a shock wave, regardless of the disturbance source (rocket launchings, industrial explosions). The SAW period T is 270--360 s, and the amplitude exceeds the standard deviation of TEC background fluctuations in this range of periods under quiet and moderate geomagnetic conditions by factors of 2 to 5 as a minimum. The angle of elevation of the SAW wave vector varies from 30 degree to 60 degree, and the SAW phase velocity (900-1200 m/s) approaches the sound velocity at heights of the ionospheric F-region maximum.
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"abstract": "This paper is concerned with the form and dynamics of shock-acoustic waves\n(SAW) generated during rocket launchings. We have developed a method for\ndetermining SAW parameters (including angular characteristics of the wave\nvector, and the SAW phase velocity, as well as the direction towards the\nsource) using GPS-arrays whose elements can be chosen out of a large set of\nGPS-stations of the global GPS network. The application of the method is\nillustrated by a case study of ionospheric effects from launchings of launch\nvehicles (LV) Proton and Space Shuttle from space-launch complexes Baikonur and\nKennedy Space Center (KSC) in 1998 and 1999 (a total of five launchings). The\nstudy revealed that, in spite of a difference of LV characteristics, the\nionospheric response for all launchings had the character of an N - wave\ncorresponding to the form of a shock wave, regardless of the disturbance source\n(rocket launchings, industrial explosions). The SAW period T is 270--360 s, and\nthe amplitude exceeds the standard deviation of TEC background fluctuations in\nthis range of periods under quiet and moderate geomagnetic conditions by\nfactors of 2 to 5 as a minimum. The angle of elevation of the SAW wave vector\nvaries from 30 degree to 60 degree, and the SAW phase velocity (900-1200 m/s)\napproaches the sound velocity at heights of the ionospheric F-region maximum.",
"arxiv_id": "physics/0007043",
"authors": [
"E. L. Afraimovich",
"E. A. Kosogorov",
"N. P. Perevalova",
"A. V. Plotnikov"
],
"categories": [
"physics.geo-ph"
],
"doi": "10.1016/S1364-6826(01)00071-2",
"title": "The use of GPS-arrays in detecting shock-acoustic waves generated during rocket launchings",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0007043"
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