{
  "annotation_id": "4686484d-7603-4e65-9f74-65af2a74568e",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:49.904000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:49.904000Z",
  "file_hash": "faa6a6b80943641e7cf0a988aaa197213ea9878199fbdc2d49accfff971c528a",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "A popular method of forcing the fluid in Direct Numerical Simulations of\nturbulence is to take the body force proportional to the projection of the\nvelocity of the fluid onto its lowest Fourier modes, while keeping the injected\nexternal power constant. In this paper we perform a simple but rigorous\nanalysis to establish bounds on the relationship between the energy dissipation\nrate and the resulting Reynolds number for this type of forcing. While this\nanalysis cannot give detailed information of the energy spectrum, it does\nprovide some indication of the balance of energy between the lower, directly\nforced, modes, and those excited by the cascade.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0404049",
    "authors": [
      "Charles R. Doering",
      "Nikola P. Petrov"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.flu-dyn"
    ],
    "title": "Low-wavenumber forcing and turbulent energy dissipation",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0404049"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "ea49ba47-a6ef-401f-9974-5d85b2e6315e",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}