{
  "annotation_id": "39b36557-f990-443c-a8a5-eb22f666b08d",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:11.459000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:11.459000Z",
  "file_hash": "90d96edba216e4768d8d5db910c79ae2aedff854e8e37d410cd1a475ade6f8e1",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "We suppose that vacuum is filled with a kind of continuously distributed\nmatter which may be called the $\\Omega(1)$ substratum, or the electromagnetic\naether. Suppose that the time scale of a macroscopic observer is very large\ncompares to the the Maxwelllian relaxation time of the $\\Omega(1)$ substratum.\nThus, the macroscopic observer concludes that the $\\Omega(1)$ substratum\nbehaves like a Newtonian-fluid. Inspired by H. A. Lorentz, we speculate that\nelectric charges may be extremely small hard spherical sources or spherical\nsinks with finite radii. Based on the spherical source and spherical sink model\nof electric charges, we derive Coulomb\u0027s law of interactions between static\nelectric charges in vacuum. Further, we derive a reduced form of the Lorentz\u0027s\nforce law for static electric charges in vacuum.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0609099",
    "authors": [
      "Xiao-Song Wang"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.gen-ph"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "title": "Derivation of Coulomb\u0027s law based on a mechanical model of   electromagnetic field and a spherical source and sink model of electric   charges",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0609099"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "64a64e9b-186c-471a-a8c1-ae7d5794bebc",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}