{
  "annotation_id": "3714172a-4295-4ab5-8fe1-77f0b7261c3f",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:21.638000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:21.638000Z",
  "file_hash": "127c56ebc07b47ca5eebe31f9015169c93b7fbb993497cc6f00a1deddaa97bb3",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Small ion crystals in a Paul trap are stable even in the absence of laser\ncooling. Based on this theoretically and experimentally well-established fact\nwe propose the following diagnostic criterion for establishing the presence of\na crystallized beam: Absence of heating following the shut-down of all cooling\ndevices. The validity of the criterion is checked with the help of detailed\nnumerical simulations.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/9803012",
    "authors": [
      "Harel Primack",
      "Reinhold Bl\u00fcmel"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.atom-ph",
      "physics.acc-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevE.58.6578",
    "title": "Diagnostic criterion for crystallized beams",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/9803012"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "0f9b1026-640b-40bc-8324-e7fe6e503a96",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}