{
  "annotation_id": "36d79db7-355c-4dc8-b14a-2bf944064f51",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:50.367000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:50.367000Z",
  "file_hash": "5751311545282fa9b9dadaafedad39c5c12015b6d5b19cd21bce538cf232e5f9",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "We have developed a scheme to measure the optical torque, exerted by a laser\nbeam on a phase object, by measuring the orbital angular momentum of the\ntransmitted beam. The experiment is a macroscopic simulation of a situation in\noptical tweezers, as orbital angular momentum has been widely used to apply\ntorque to microscopic objects. A hologram designed to generate LG02 modes and a\nCCD camera are used to detect the orbital component of the beam. Experimental\nresults agree with theoretical numerical calculations, and the strength of the\norbital component suggest its usefulness in optical tweezers for\nmicromanipulation.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0403008",
    "authors": [
      "Simon J. Parkin",
      "Timo A. Nieminen",
      "Norman R. Heckenberg",
      "Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.optics"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevA.70.023816",
    "journal_ref": "Physical Review A, 70(2), 023816 (2004)",
    "title": "Optical measurement of torque exerted on an elongated object by a   non-circular laser beam",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0403008"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "b2e751a5-799e-4220-828c-8d2bd899da7d",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}