{
  "annotation_id": "31389bab-7e0b-4e74-9e44-ac17cc039ebc",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:45.961000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:45.961000Z",
  "file_hash": "1617f4c84aaabc12420f216ddc3cda6b8a10abb4935e4325b9437c66fb9d76b2",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "A direct method is proposed for reconstruction of the effective atomic number\nby means of multi-energy radiography of the material. The accuracy of the\nmethod is up to 95% . Advantages over conventional radiographic methods, which\nensure accuracy of just about 50%, are discussed. A physical model has been\nconstructed, and general expressions have been obtained for description of the\neffective atomic number in a two-energy monitoring scheme. A universal\ndependence has been predicted for the effective atomic number as a function of\nrelative (two-energy) radiographic reflex. The established theoretical law is\nconfirmed by the experimental data presented. The proposed development can find\nmultiple applications in non-destructive testing and related fields, including\nthose in the civil sphere as well as anti-terrorist activities.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0310118",
    "authors": [
      "Sergey V. Naydenov",
      "Vladimir D. Ryzhikov",
      "Craig F. Smith"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.acc-ph",
      "physics.med-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1016/j.nimb.2003.09.020",
    "journal_ref": "Nucl.Instrum.Meth. B215 (2004) 552-560",
    "title": "Direct reconstruction of the effective atomic number of materials by the   method of multi-energy radiography",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0310118"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "bbfed136-9900-4bb6-bc23-6c813b46f8a6",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}