dorsal/arxiv
View SchemaOptical measurement of microscopic torques
| Authors | T. A. Nieminen, N. R. Heckenberg, H. Rubinsztein-Dunlop |
|---|---|
| Categories | |
| ArXiv ID | physics/0308103 |
| URL | https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0308103 |
| DOI | 10.1080/095003401750051370 |
| Journal | Journal of Modern Optics 48, 405-413 (2001) |
Abstract
In recent years there has been an explosive development of interest in the measurement of forces at the microscopic level, such as within living cells, as well as the properties of fluids and suspensions on this scale, using optically trapped particles as probes. The next step would be to measure torques and associated rotational motion. This would allow measurement on very small scales since no translational motion is needed. It could also provide an absolute measurement of the forces holding a stationary non-rotating particle in place. The laser-induced torque acting on an optically trapped microscopic birefringent particle can be used for these measurements. Here we present a new method for simple, robust, accurate, simultaneous measurement of the rotation speed of a laser trapped birefringent particle, and the optical torque acting on it, by measuring the change in angular momentum of the light from passing through the particle. This method does not depend on the size or shape of the particle or the laser beam geometry, nor does it depend on the properties of the surrounding medium. This could allow accurate measurement of viscosity on a microscopic scale.
{
"annotation_id": "2c200155-b705-4e79-958e-b0f94ddc50fb",
"date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:46.555000Z",
"date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:46.555000Z",
"file_hash": "f3e29da820d3e6f38c5bc435e5506a77bb37b0737c9a2c3220f04fff157f7f39",
"private": false,
"record": {
"abstract": "In recent years there has been an explosive development of interest in the\nmeasurement of forces at the microscopic level, such as within living cells, as\nwell as the properties of fluids and suspensions on this scale, using optically\ntrapped particles as probes. The next step would be to measure torques and\nassociated rotational motion. This would allow measurement on very small scales\nsince no translational motion is needed. It could also provide an absolute\nmeasurement of the forces holding a stationary non-rotating particle in place.\nThe laser-induced torque acting on an optically trapped microscopic\nbirefringent particle can be used for these measurements. Here we present a new\nmethod for simple, robust, accurate, simultaneous measurement of the rotation\nspeed of a laser trapped birefringent particle, and the optical torque acting\non it, by measuring the change in angular momentum of the light from passing\nthrough the particle. This method does not depend on the size or shape of the\nparticle or the laser beam geometry, nor does it depend on the properties of\nthe surrounding medium. This could allow accurate measurement of viscosity on a\nmicroscopic scale.",
"arxiv_id": "physics/0308103",
"authors": [
"T. A. Nieminen",
"N. R. Heckenberg",
"H. Rubinsztein-Dunlop"
],
"categories": [
"physics.optics"
],
"doi": "10.1080/095003401750051370",
"journal_ref": "Journal of Modern Optics 48, 405-413 (2001)",
"title": "Optical measurement of microscopic torques",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0308103"
},
"schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
"source": {
"execution_id": "32ff448a-d66a-4cea-a3bb-8e26f538fd1a",
"id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
"type": "Model",
"variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
"version": "0.1.0"
},
"user_id": 1000002
}