{
  "annotation_id": "2816ded7-cb8c-4017-bc1c-d1abdd3e0c60",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:40.448000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:40.448000Z",
  "file_hash": "0eea11621629ed749b3f14867f2455fffa2cbcd88fa2f8c6c30addf8f308c830",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "We show how to construct quantum gate arrays that can be programmed to\nperform different unitary operations on a data register, depending on the input\nto some program register. It is shown that a universal quantum gate array - a\ngate array which can be programmed to perform any unitary operation - exists\nonly if one allows the gate array to operate in a probabilistic fashion. The\nuniversal quantum gate array we construct requires an exponentially smaller\nnumber of gates than a classical universal gate array.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/9703032",
    "authors": [
      "M. A. Nielsen",
      "Isaac L. Chuang"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.321",
    "title": "Programmable quantum gate arrays",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9703032"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "5c5a3862-67b2-4a2f-af31-25a0bd2327d9",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}