{
  "annotation_id": "22cd7f38-9744-436a-8b9c-f399a75cec0c",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:17.176000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:17.176000Z",
  "file_hash": "82752c1072f812aab56f45cbbe97f61f801e642f9f0f573eabc6a560ceecdea3",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Ground based, wind energy extraction systems have reached their maximum\ncapability. The limitations of current designs are: wind instability, high cost\nof installations, and small power output of a single unit. The wind energy\nindustry needs of revolutionary ideas to increase the capabilities of wind\ninstallations. This article suggests a revolutionary innovation which produces\na dramatic increase in power per unit and is independent of prevailing weather\nand at a lower cost per unit of energy extracted. The main innovation consists\nof large free-flying air rotors positioned at high altitude for power and air\nstream stability, and an energy cable transmission system between the air rotor\nand a ground based electric generator. The air rotor system flies at high\naltitude up to 14 km. A stability and control is provided and systems enable\nthe changing of altitude.\n  This article includes six examples having a high unit power output (up to 100\nMW). The proposed examples provide the following main advantages: 1. Large\npower production capacity per unit - up to 5,000-10,000 times more than\nconventional ground-based rotor designs; 2. The rotor operates at high altitude\nof 1-14 km, where the wind flow is strong and steady; 3. Installation cost per\nunit energy is low. 4. The installation is environmentally friendly (no\npropeller noise). -- * Presented in International Energy Conversion Engineering\nConference at Providence., RI, Aug. 16-19. 2004. AIAA-2004-5705. USA. Keyword:\nwind energy, cable energy transmission, utilization of wind energy at high\naltitude, air rotor, windmills, Bolonkin.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0701114",
    "authors": [
      "Alexander Bolonkin"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.gen-ph",
      "physics.ao-ph",
      "physics.soc-ph"
    ],
    "title": "Utilization of Wind Energy at High Altitude",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0701114"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "28f9d8d5-f342-4e25-8504-40aac27504b1",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}