{
  "annotation_id": "20e39c3c-5b47-4e7d-8cd9-b250489221b0",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:42.430000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:42.430000Z",
  "file_hash": "ba81940ab5916c448b38b3e98d95ab55d565d8ae031604a8e8b0f917d1369041",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "We extend a procedure for construction of the photon position operators with\ntransverse eigenvectors and commuting components [Phys. Rev. A 59, 954 (1999)]\nto body rotations described by three Euler angles. The axial angle can be made\na function of the two polar angles, and different choices of the functional\ndependence are analogous to different gauges of a magnetic field. Symmetries\nbroken by a choice of gauge are re-established by transformations within the\ngauge group. The approach allows several previous proposals to be related.\nBecause of the coupling of the photon momentum and spin, our position operator,\nlike that proposed by Pryce, is a matrix that does not commute with the spin\noperator. Unlike the Pryce operator, however, our operator has commuting\ncomponents, but the commutators of these components with the total angular\nmomentum require an extra term to rotate the matrices for each vector component\naround the momentum direction. Several proofs of the nonexistence of a photon\nposition operator with commuting components are based on overly restrictive\npremises that do not apply here.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0101011",
    "authors": [
      "Margaret Hawton",
      "William E. Baylis"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevA.64.012101",
    "journal_ref": "Phys. Rev. A 64, 012101 (2001)",
    "title": "Photon position operators and localized bases",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0101011"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "8e6ec375-371a-46b4-bdf0-0c4344db195a",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}