dorsal/arxiv
View SchemaQuantum Computing
| Authors | Andrew Steane |
|---|---|
| Categories | |
| ArXiv ID | quant-ph/9708022 |
| URL | https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9708022 |
| DOI | 10.1088/0034-4885/61/2/002 |
| Journal | Rept.Prog.Phys.61:117-173,1998 |
Abstract
The subject of quantum computing brings together ideas from classical information theory, computer science, and quantum physics. This review aims to summarise not just quantum computing, but the whole subject of quantum information theory. It turns out that information theory and quantum mechanics fit together very well. In order to explain their relationship, the review begins with an introduction to classical information theory and computer science, including Shannon's theorem, error correcting codes, Turing machines and computational complexity. The principles of quantum mechanics are then outlined, and the EPR experiment described. The EPR-Bell correlations, and quantum entanglement in general, form the essential new ingredient which distinguishes quantum from classical information theory, and, arguably, quantum from classical physics. Basic quantum information ideas are described, including key distribution, teleportation, data compression, quantum error correction, the universal quantum computer and quantum algorithms. The common theme of all these ideas is the use of quantum entanglement as a computational resource. Experimental methods for small quantum processors are briefly sketched, concentrating on ion traps, high Q cavities, and NMR. The review concludes with an outline of the main features of quantum information physics, and avenues for future research.
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"abstract": "The subject of quantum computing brings together ideas from classical\ninformation theory, computer science, and quantum physics. This review aims to\nsummarise not just quantum computing, but the whole subject of quantum\ninformation theory. It turns out that information theory and quantum mechanics\nfit together very well. In order to explain their relationship, the review\nbegins with an introduction to classical information theory and computer\nscience, including Shannon\u0027s theorem, error correcting codes, Turing machines\nand computational complexity. The principles of quantum mechanics are then\noutlined, and the EPR experiment described. The EPR-Bell correlations, and\nquantum entanglement in general, form the essential new ingredient which\ndistinguishes quantum from classical information theory, and, arguably, quantum\nfrom classical physics. Basic quantum information ideas are described,\nincluding key distribution, teleportation, data compression, quantum error\ncorrection, the universal quantum computer and quantum algorithms. The common\ntheme of all these ideas is the use of quantum entanglement as a computational\nresource. Experimental methods for small quantum processors are briefly\nsketched, concentrating on ion traps, high Q cavities, and NMR. The review\nconcludes with an outline of the main features of quantum information physics,\nand avenues for future research.",
"arxiv_id": "quant-ph/9708022",
"authors": [
"Andrew Steane"
],
"categories": [
"quant-ph"
],
"doi": "10.1088/0034-4885/61/2/002",
"journal_ref": "Rept.Prog.Phys.61:117-173,1998",
"title": "Quantum Computing",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9708022"
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