{
  "annotation_id": "1d9b1934-3983-472f-bb4a-aac619d6c132",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:00.809000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:00.809000Z",
  "file_hash": "d39c0f16c006856f2108e6db77ba860f0132f05820b99a3f16db621242336d1b",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "The response of turbulent flow to time-modulated forcing is studied by direct\nnumerical simulations of the Navier-Stokes equations. The large-scale forcing\nis modulated via periodic energy input variations at frequency $\\omega$. The\nresponse is maximal for frequencies in the range of the inverse of the large\neddy turnover time, confirming the mean-field predictions of von der Heydt,\nGrossmann and Lohse (Phys. Rev. E 67, 046308 (2003)). In accordance with the\ntheory the response maximum shows only a small dependence on the Reynolds\nnumber and is also quite insensitive to the particular flow-quantity that is\nmonitored, e.g., kinetic energy, dissipation-rate, or Taylor-Reynolds number.\nAt sufficiently high frequencies the amplitude of the kinetic energy response\ndecreases as $1/\\omega$. For frequencies beyond the range of maximal response,\na significant change in phase-shift relative to the time-modulated forcing is\nobserved.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0509208",
    "authors": [
      "Arkadiusz K. Kuczaj",
      "Bernard J. Geurts",
      "Detlef Lohse"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.flu-dyn",
      "physics.comp-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1209/epl/i2005-10486-2",
    "title": "Response maxima in time-modulated turbulence: Direct Numerical   Simulations",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0509208"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "b218efff-d463-4b36-9dbe-ea2d4e13a4e7",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}