{
  "annotation_id": "143aa061-b78c-40c4-a0f9-113fde385467",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:39.654000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:39.654000Z",
  "file_hash": "3694a4effe824a29a45741042a4daf2ab83f301d4a61cb16bc6c5fbc28187a17",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "We solve the problem addressed by Landau and Lifshitz in 1958, and Oughstun\nand Sherman of determining the dynamical losses in a purely dissipative\ndielectric media. We develop concrete notions of macroscopic free energy and\nlosses as energy which is reversible and irreversible, respectively, in the\nmedium-field interaction. We define the reversible and irreversible energies\nand outline the derivation of said quantities. We examine the implications of\nour definition and it\u0027s auxiliary quantity, the reversal field, for the single\nLorentz oscillator model of a medium. We show that for this model the\nreversible energy reduces to the sum of the kinetic and potential energy, as\nfound by Loudon. We note that in general, the sum of the kinetic and potential\nenergies is greater than the reversible energy. We show that the reversible and\nirreversible energy have the characteristics classically defining free energy\nand heat.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0207127",
    "authors": [
      "C. Broadbent",
      "G. Hovhannisyan",
      "M. Clayton",
      "J. Peatross",
      "S. A. Glasgow"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.optics",
      "physics.gen-ph"
    ],
    "title": "Reversible and irreversible processes in dispersive/dissipative optical   media: Electro-magnetic free energy and heat production",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0207127"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "edb3fb76-8e60-4e31-9663-6f5de357bd57",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}