{
  "annotation_id": "1355fd2f-34c9-4be9-b9cf-9a47d9cea9b9",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:52.670000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:52.670000Z",
  "file_hash": "0ea00b53b2793ae2690e36121ae6180dd198edbb70388cac39f1ec9dda2141e0",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "The physical origins of negative refractive index are derived from a dilute\nmicroscopic model, producing a result that is generalized to the dense\ncondensed phase limit. In particular, scattering from a thin sheet of electric\nand magnetic dipoles driven above resonance is used to form a fundamental\ndescription for negative refraction. Of practical significance, loss and\ndispersion are implicit in the microscopic model. While naturally occurring\nnegative index materials are unavailable, ferromagnetic and ferroelectric\nmaterials provide device design opportunities.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0409083",
    "authors": [
      "David W. Ward",
      "Keith A. Nelson",
      "Kevin J. Webb"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.optics",
      "physics.gen-ph"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/213",
    "title": "On the physical origins of the negative index of refraction",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0409083"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "fc1619d0-ff5d-4d1b-87aa-a66ffcd4fd55",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}