{
  "annotation_id": "1311794c-c51d-4f3a-92c9-f1c95884fd81",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:01:51.779000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:01:51.779000Z",
  "file_hash": "d4e2796830dfd2216f0fd722c1e2a222c6d5882b78abbc764f011c6c753d727e",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "We consider entanglement in a system of fixed number of identical particles.\nSince any operation should be symmetrized over all the identical particles and\nthere is the precondition that the spatial wave functions overlap, the meaning\nof identical-particle entanglement is fundamentally different from that of\ndistinguishable particles. The identical-particle counterpart of the Schmidt\nbasis is shown to be the single-particle basis in which the one-particle\nreduced density matrix is diagonal. But it does not play a special role in the\nissue of entanglement, which depends on the single-particle basis chosen. The\nnonfactorization due to (anti)symmetrization is naturally excluded by using the\n(anti)symmetrized basis or, equivalently, the particle number representation.\nThe natural degrees of freedom in quantifying the identical-particle\nentanglement in a chosen single-particle basis are occupation numbers of\ndifferent single particle basis states. The entanglement between effectively\ndistinguishable spins is shown to be a special case of the occupation-number\nentanglement.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/0205069",
    "authors": [
      "Yu Shi"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph",
      "cond-mat"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevA.67.024301",
    "journal_ref": "Phys. Rev. A 67, 024301 (2003) [eprint contains a post-publication\n  correction]",
    "title": "Quantum Entanglement of Identical Particles",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0205069"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "2fa1546f-3fb8-4620-85e9-402ecd9e1d1e",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}