{
  "annotation_id": "124e57ec-3e7e-41d2-a34d-027f2cc65e04",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:00:56.941000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:00:56.941000Z",
  "file_hash": "cd9e6e60e24e0205f87be986de80fcddf86c3d9d15258578b3360ba5a2ee94ca",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "Particle channeling in a bent crystal lattice has led to an efficient\ninstrument for beam steering at accelerators, demonstrated from MeV to TeV\nenergies. In particular, crystal focusing of high energy protons to micron size\nhas been demonstrated at IHEP with the results well in match with Lindhard\n(critical angle) prediction. Channeling in crystal microstructures has been\nproposed as a unique source of a microbeam of high-energy particles. Channeling\nin nanostructures (single-wall and multi-wall nanotubes) offers the\nopportunities to produce ion beams on nanoscale. Particles channeled in a\nnanotube (with typical diameter of about 1 nanometer) are trapped in two\ndimensions and can be steered (deflected, focused) with the efficiency similar\nto that of crystal channeling or better. This technique has been a subject of\ncomputer simulations, with experimental efforts under way in several high\nenergy labs, including IHEP. We present the theoretical outlook for making\nchanneling-based nanoscale ion beams and report the experience with\ncrystal-focused microscale proton beams.",
    "arxiv_id": "physics/0503113",
    "authors": [
      "V. M. Biryukov"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "physics.acc-ph"
    ],
    "title": "Channeling as a method of making nanosized beams of particles",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0503113"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "61e85025-7cad-4053-9a14-af948fabc659",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}