dorsal/arxiv
View SchemaA saturation-absorption rubidium magnetometer with multilevel optical Bloch-equation modeling for intermediate-to-high fields
| Authors | Mayand Dangi, Prateek Rajan Gupta, Joseph Kasti, Nivedan Vishwanath, Michael Zepp, David Smith, Benedikt Geiger, Jennifer T. Choy |
|---|---|
| Categories | |
| ArXiv ID | 2601.09115vv1 |
| URL | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.09115 |
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ |
Abstract
We present SASHMAG (Saturated Absorption Spectroscopy High-field MAGnetometer), an atomic sensor designed for precision magnetic-field measurements in the intermediate-to-high field regime ($>0.2\,\text{T}$) using Rubidium-87 ($^{87}Rb$). The sensor operates in the hyperfine Paschen-Back regime, where the hyperfine and Zeeman interactions decouple, and utilizes counter-propagating pump-probe configuration in Faraday geometry to resolve isolated, Doppler-free Zeeman transitions. To interpret the resulting spectra in this strongly field-dependent regime, we developed a comprehensive multilevel optical Bloch-equation model solved explicitly in the uncoupled $\ket{m_I, m_J}$ basis, capturing state mixing and nonlinear saturation dynamics. This model reproduces measured spectra at sub-Doppler resolution and is consistent with analytical expectations for power broadening and thermal Doppler scaling. Magnetic field estimation is performed using a physics-constrained optimization routine that infers the magnetic field by minimizing the residual between experimentally extracted line centers and calculated transition frequencies from the field-dependent Hamiltonian. We demonstrate magnetic field retrieval from $0.2\,\text{T}$ to $0.4\,\text{T}$ with a precision of $\pm 0.0017 \,\text{T}$). Furthermore, the validated simulation establishes a foundation for generating synthetic training datasets, paving the way for autonomous, Machine Learning-enhanced magnetometry in applications ranging from MRI to fusion reactors.
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"abstract": "We present SASHMAG (Saturated Absorption Spectroscopy High-field MAGnetometer), an atomic sensor designed for precision magnetic-field measurements in the intermediate-to-high field regime ($\u003e0.2\\,\\text{T}$) using Rubidium-87 ($^{87}Rb$). The sensor operates in the hyperfine Paschen-Back regime, where the hyperfine and Zeeman interactions decouple, and utilizes counter-propagating pump-probe configuration in Faraday geometry to resolve isolated, Doppler-free Zeeman transitions. To interpret the resulting spectra in this strongly field-dependent regime, we developed a comprehensive multilevel optical Bloch-equation model solved explicitly in the uncoupled $\\ket{m_I, m_J}$ basis, capturing state mixing and nonlinear saturation dynamics. This model reproduces measured spectra at sub-Doppler resolution and is consistent with analytical expectations for power broadening and thermal Doppler scaling. Magnetic field estimation is performed using a physics-constrained optimization routine that infers the magnetic field by minimizing the residual between experimentally extracted line centers and calculated transition frequencies from the field-dependent Hamiltonian. We demonstrate magnetic field retrieval from $0.2\\,\\text{T}$ to $0.4\\,\\text{T}$ with a precision of $\\pm 0.0017 \\,\\text{T}$). Furthermore, the validated simulation establishes a foundation for generating synthetic training datasets, paving the way for autonomous, Machine Learning-enhanced magnetometry in applications ranging from MRI to fusion reactors.",
"arxiv_id": "2601.09115",
"authors": [
"Mayand Dangi",
"Prateek Rajan Gupta",
"Joseph Kasti",
"Nivedan Vishwanath",
"Michael Zepp",
"David Smith",
"Benedikt Geiger",
"Jennifer T. Choy"
],
"categories": [
"quant-ph",
"physics.atom-ph"
],
"license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
"title": "A saturation-absorption rubidium magnetometer with multilevel optical Bloch-equation modeling for intermediate-to-high fields",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.09115",
"version": "v1"
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