{
  "annotation_id": "003f0808-9705-45d2-ba4c-021313c22504",
  "date_created": "2026-03-02T18:02:40.444000Z",
  "date_modified": "2026-03-02T18:02:40.444000Z",
  "file_hash": "391e97b9a221b1429e49e51462a524c5530ce80d6301b4075cd0ef8e6f2d49c3",
  "private": false,
  "record": {
    "abstract": "We investigate the polarization fluctuations caused by quantum noise in\nquantum well vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs). Langevin\nequations are derived on the basis of a generalized rate equation model in\nwhich the influence of competing gain-loss and frequency anisotropies is\nincluded. This reveals how the anisotropies and the quantum well confinement\neffects shape the correlations and the magnitude of fluctuations in ellipticity\nand in polarization direction. According to our results all parameters used in\nthe rate equations may be obtained experimentally from precise time resolved\nmeasurements of the intensity and polarization fluctuations in the emitted\nlaser light. To clarify the effects of anisotropies and of quantum well\nconfinement on the laser process in VCSELs we therefore propose time resolved\nmeasurements of the polarization fluctuations in the laser light. In\nparticular, such measurements allow to distinguish the effects of frequency\nanisotropy and of gain-loss anisotropy and would provide data on the spin\nrelaxation rate in the quantum well structure during cw operation as well as\nrepresenting a new way of experimentally determinig the linewidth enhancement\nfactor alpha.",
    "arxiv_id": "quant-ph/9703034",
    "authors": [
      "Holger F. Hofmann",
      "Ortwin Hess"
    ],
    "categories": [
      "quant-ph",
      "adap-org",
      "cond-mat",
      "nlin.AO",
      "physics.optics"
    ],
    "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevA.56.868",
    "journal_ref": "Phys.Rev. A56 (1997) 868",
    "title": "Quantum Noise and Polarization Fluctuations in Vertical Cavity Surface   Emitting Lasers",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9703034"
  },
  "schema_id": "dorsal/arxiv",
  "source": {
    "execution_id": "ee33b387-1982-41a4-ae11-958cde47c76c",
    "id": "arXiv Dataset IDs",
    "type": "Model",
    "variant": "snapshot-2026-03-01",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "user_id": 1000002
}